Federalism

Question 1

What is federalism?

Accepted Answer

Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country; there are two or more levels of government.

Question 2

What are the key features of federalism?

Accepted Answer

There are two or more levels of government; each level governs the same citizens but has its own jurisdiction; jurisdictions are specified in the constitution; the constitution cannot be changed unilaterally; and courts settle disputes between levels.

Question 3

What are the two kinds of routes through which federations are formed?

Accepted Answer

'Coming together' federations (independent states come together, e.g. USA, Switzerland, Australia) and 'holding together' federations (a large country divides power between constituent states, e.g. India, Spain, Belgium).

Question 4

What is the difference between 'coming together' and 'holding together' federations in terms of power?

Accepted Answer

In 'coming together' federations all constituent states usually have equal power; in 'holding together' federations the central government tends to be more powerful, and some units may be given special powers.

Question 5

What are the three lists in the Indian Constitution?

Accepted Answer

The Union List (subjects of national importance, e.g. defence, foreign affairs, currency), the State List (subjects of state and local importance, e.g. police, trade, agriculture), and the Concurrent List (subjects of common interest to both, e.g. education, forests, marriage).

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